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To termites, any breach of their tunnels or nests is a cause for alarm. When termites discover a potential breach, the soldiers usually bang their minds, apparently to attract other troops for defence and to recruit additional workers to repair any breach.56 Additionally, an alarmed termite lumps into other termites that causes them to become alerted and to leave pheromone trails to the distressed area, which can be a means to recruit extra workers.56.

The pantropical subfamily Nasutitermitinae includes a specialised caste of soldiers, also known as nasutes, that possess the capability to exude noxious liquids through a horn-like frontal projection they use for defence.155 Nasutes have lost their mandibles throughout the course of evolution and must be fed by workers.59 A wide variety of monoterpene hydrocarbon solvents have been identified in the liquids that nasutes secrete.156 Likewise, Formosan subterranean termites have been known to secrete naphthalene to safeguard their nests.157.

Soldiers of the species Globitermes sulphureus commit suicide by autothysis  rupturing a large gland just beneath the surface of the cuticles. The thick, yellow fluid in the gland gets very sticky on contact with the atmosphere, entangling ants or other insects that are trying to invade the nest.158159 Another termite, Neocapriterme taracua, also engages in suicidal defence.

When soldiers guarding nest entrances are attacked by intruders, they engage in autothysis, creating a block which denies entry to any attacker.161.

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Employees use a number of different strategies to deal with their deceased, including burying, cannibalism, and avoiding a corpse entirely.162163164 To avoid pathogens, termites occasionally engage in necrophoresis, in which a nestmate carries a corpse in the colony to dispose of it elsewhere.165 Which approach is utilized depends on the nature of the corpse a worker is dealing with (i.e.

A species of fungus is known to mimic termite eggs, successfully avoiding its natural predators. These tiny brown balls, known as"termite balls", seldom kill the eggs, and in certain circumstances the workers tend to these.166 This fungus mimics these eggs by producing a cellulose-digesting enzyme known as glucosidases.167 A unique mimicking behaviour exists between different species of Trichopsenius beetles and certain termite species within Reticulitermes.

This chemical mimicry makes view it it possible for the beetles to integrate themselves within the termite colonies.168 The developed appendages on the physogastric abdomen of Austrospirachtha mimetes allows the beetle to mimic a termite worker.169.

Some species of ant are known to capture termites to utilize as a brand new food origin after on, rather than killing them. For instance, Formica nigra captures termites, and people who try to escape are immediately captured and driven underground.170 Certain species of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae conduct these raids although other ant species go in alone to steal the eggs or nymphs.146 Ants such as Megaponera analis assault the exterior of mounds and Dorylinae ants assault underground.146171 Despite this, some termites and ants can coexist peacefully.

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54 species of ants are known to inhabit Nasutitermes mounds, both inhabited and abandoned ones.174 One reason many ants reside in Nasutitermes mounds is a result of the termites' frequent occurrence in their geographical range; another would be to protect themselves from flooding.174175 Iridomyrmex also inhabits termite mounds but no evidence for any kind of relationship (other than a one) is known.116 In rare situations, certain species of termites live inside busy ant colonies.176 Some invertebrate organisms such as beetles, caterpillars, flies and millipedes are termitophiles and dwell inside termite colonies (they are unable to survive independently).56 As a result, certain beetles and flies have evolved with their hosts.

Mounds may also offer shelter and heat to birds, lizards, snakes and scorpions.56.

Termites are known to carry pollen and frequently see flowers,177 are considered as potential pollinators for any number of flowering plants.178 One blossom in particular, Rhizanthella gardneri, is regularly pollinated by foraging employees, and it's perhaps the only Orchidaceae flower in the world to be pollinated by termites.177

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Many plants have developed powerful defences against termites. But, seedlings are vulnerable to termite attacks and need additional protection, as their defence mechanisms only grow when they've passed the seedling stage.179 Defence is normally accomplished by secreting antifeedant chemicals into the woody cell walls.180 This reduces the ability of termites to efficiently digest the cellulose.

When retained near the extract, they get disoriented and eventually die.181.

Termite populations can be substantially influenced by environmental changes including those caused by human intervention. A Brazilian research investigated the termite assemblages of three websites of Caatinga under different levels of anthropogenic disturbance in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil were sampled using 65 x 2 m transects.182 A total of 26 species of termites were present in the 3 sites, and 196 encounters were listed in the transects.